# MongoDB系统集合

## Synopsis 概要

MongoDB stores system information in collections that use the `<database>.system.*` [namespace](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/glossary/#std-term-namespace), which MongoDB reserves for internal use. Do not create collections that begin with `system`.

MongoDB also stores some additional instance-local metadata in the [local database](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/local-database/), specifically for replication purposes and in the [config database](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/config-database/) for [sessions information](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/read-isolation-consistency-recency/#std-label-sessions).

MongoDB将系统信息存储在使用`<database>.system.*`[命名空间](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/glossary/#std-term-namespace)的集合中，这些集合是MongoDB保留供内部使用的。用户请不要创建以`system`开头的集合。

MongoDB还将一些额外的本地元数据存储在[`local`数据库](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/local-database/)中，专门用于主从复制；并在[`config`数据库](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/config-database/)中存储[会话信息](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/read-isolation-consistency-recency/#std-label-sessions)。

## Collections 集合

System collections include these collections stored in the `admin` database:

* `admin.system.roles`

  The [`admin.system.roles`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.roles) collection stores custom roles that administrators create and assign to users to provide access to specific resources.
* `admin.system.users`

  The [`admin.system.users`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.users) collection stores the user's authentication credentials as well as any roles assigned to the user. Users may define authorization roles in the [`admin.system.roles`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.roles) collection.
* `admin.system.version`

  The [`admin.system.version`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.version) collection stores metadata to suport internal operations. Do not modify this collection unless specifically instructed to in this documentation or by a MongoDB support engineer.

系统集合包括存储在`admin`数据库中的以下集合：

* **`admin.system.roles`**

  [`admin.system.roles`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.roles)集合存储管理员创建并分配给用户的自定义角色，以提供对特定资源的访问。
* **`admin.system.users`**

  [`admin.system.users`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.users)集合存储用户的身份验证凭据以及分配给该用户的所有角色。用户可以在 [`admin.system.roles`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.roles)集合中定义授权角色。
* **`admin.system.version`**

  [`admin.system.version`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-admin.system.version)集合存储元数据以支持内部操作。除非本文档或MongoDB支持工程师明确指示，否则请勿修改此集合。

System collections include these collections stored in the `config` database:

* **`config.system.indexBuilds`**

  *New in version 4.4*.

  The [`indexBuilds`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data-config.system.indexBuilds) collection stores information related to in-progress index builds.

系统集合包括存储在`config`数据库中的以下集合：

* **`config.system.indexBuilds`**

  *4.4版本新引入*

  `indexBuilds`集合存储了与正在进行的索引创建有关的信息。

System collections also include these collections stored directly in each database:

* **`<database>.system.namespaces`**

  > **NOTE**
  >
  > **Removed in 4.2**
  >
  > Starting in MongoDB 4.2, `<database>.system.namespaces` has been removed (access to the collection has been deprecated since 3.0). To list the collections in a database, use the [`listCollections`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/listCollections/#mongodb-dbcommand-dbcmd.listCollections) command instead.
* **`<database>.system.indexes`**

  > **NOTE**
  >
  > **Removed in 4.2**
  >
  > Starting in MongoDB 4.2, `<database>.system.indexes` has been removed (access to the collection has been deprecated since 3.0). To list the indexes, use the [`listIndexes`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/listIndexes/#mongodb-dbcommand-dbcmd.listIndexes) command instead.
* **`<database>.system.profile`**

  The [`.system.profile`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data--database-.system.profile) collection stores database profiling information. For information on profiling, see [Database Profiling](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/administration/analyzing-mongodb-performance/#std-label-database-profiling).
* **`<database>.system.js`**

  The [`.system.js`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data--database-.system.js) collection holds special JavaScript code for use in [server side JavaScript](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/server-side-javascript/). See [Store a JavaScript Function on the Server](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/store-javascript-function-on-server/) for more information.
* **`<database>.system.views`**

  The [`<database>.system.views`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/#mongodb-data--database-.system.views) collection contains information about each [view](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/views/) in the database.

系统集合还包括以下直接存储在每个数据库中的集合：

* **`<database>.system.namespaces`**

  > **注意**
  >
  > **4.2版本中被移除**
  >
  > 从MongoDB 4.2开始，`<database>.system.namespaces`已被删除（从3.0开始不推荐使用该集合）。要列出数据库中的集合，请改用[`listCollections`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/listCollections/#mongodb-dbcommand-dbcmd.listCollections)命令。
* **`<database>.system.indexes`**

  > **注意**
  >
  > **4.2版本中被移除**
  >
  > 从MongoDB 4.2开始，`<database>.system.indexes`已被删除（从3.0开始不推荐使用该集合）。要列出数据库中的集合，请改用[`listIndexes`](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/listIndexes/#mongodb-dbcommand-dbcmd.listIndexes)命令。
* **`<database>.system.profile`**

  `<database>.system.profile`集合存储数据库分析信息。有关分析的信息，请参见[数据库分析](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/administration/analyzing-mongodb-performance/#std-label-database-profiling)。
* **`<database>.system.js`**

  `<database>.system.js`集合包含用于[服务器端JavaScript](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/server-side-javascript/)的特殊JavaScript代码。有关更多信息，请参见在[服务器上存储JavaScript函数](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/store-javascript-function-on-server/)。
* **`<database>.system.views`**

  `<database>.system.views`集合包含有关数据库中每个[视图](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/views/)的信息。

译者：phoenix

时间： 2021.04.26

原文： <https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/system-collections/>

版本： 4.4